The National Coalition for Cancer Survivorship (NCCS) has released the results of a survey conducted on more than 2100 cancer patients, survivors, and caregivers between August and September 2024. Findings from the survey, presented in report format, discuss treatment decision-making, post-treatment care, participation in clinical trials, side effects of treatment, and financial hardship.
Click here to view the survey briefing video and download the survey results.
Results of INTERLACE, a phase III multicentre randomized study is the first to "show a significant survival advantage with the addition of induction chemotherapy before chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced cervical cancer." 5-year progression-free survival was significant: 72% in patients administered induction chemotherapy with chemoradiotherapy, compared to 64% receiving chemoradiotherapy alone.
To learn more about this study, click here.
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A new study conducted by the American Cancer Society has found a direct correlation between levels of social support and adherence to cancer screening. According to principal scientist Dr. Jordan Baeker Bispo, "social relationships can influence cancer screening in a variety of ways, like shaping access to emotional support and material resources."
To learn more about this study, click here.
Findings from the phase III BEACON metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) study were recently published in Nature Medicine. 10% of tumours in patients with mCRC are comprised of BRAF mutations; the BEACON study "demonstrated that the BRAD inhibitor encorafenib plus the anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody cetuximab, with our without the MEK inhibitor binimetinib, improved overall survival (OS), objective response rate and progression-free survival (PFS) compared with cetuximab plus chemotherapy in patients with BRAF-mutated mCRC who has been previously treated."
To learn more about the BEACON study, click here.
Source mentioned:
Kopetz S, Murphy DA, Pu J, et al. Molecular profiling of BRAF-V600E-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer in the phase 3 BEACON CRC trial. Nature Medicine; Published online 23 September 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03235-9
Findings from the KEYNOTE-671 study, a randomized, placebo-controlled phase III trial, has shown that neoadjuvant prembrolizumab and cisplatin-based chemotherapy followed by adjuvant pembrolizumab "significantly improved overall survival compared with neoadjuvant chemotherapy along in patients with molecularly unselected, resectable stage II, IIIA or IIIB non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)." Following a study of 797 NSCLC patients, 393 of whom received pembrolizumab while 400 received placebo, online survival estimates were "71% in the pembrolizumab group and 64% in the placebo group."
To learn more about this study, click here.
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A recent study appearing in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute indicates "little evidence of a rebound in incidence" with regards to a decline in cancer diagnosis during 2020, the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. After scrutinizing 5 major cancer types (breast, prostate, lung, pancreatic, thyroid), "cancer incidence rates overall [in 2021] for most specific cancers approached pre-pandemic levels", with the exception of breast cancer and pancreatic cancer, which showed an increase, while thyroid cancer diagnoses fell below pre-pandemic levels. As such, 2021 has been considered "a transition year that was still affected by new variants and new waves of COVID-19 cases."
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A recently completed clinical trial, published in the New England Journal of Medicine indicates that treatment with an immunotherapy drug "may nearly double the length of time people with high-risk muscle-invasive bladder cancer are cancer-free following surgical removal of the bladder." According to Dr. Andrea Apolo from the National Cancer Institute, the drug in question, pembrolizumab, extension of the cancer-free period makes a considerable difference in the patient's quality of life.
To read more about this trial, click here.
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Results from 2 studies presented at the recent ESMO Congress 2024 in Lugano, Switzerland, indicate that there is "no increase in recurrence or new breast cancers in women who breastfeed after being treated for breast cancer." These findings provide the first evidence on breastfeeding in patients with a BRCA mutation. Results from one of the studies dhows that of the 518 women who paused breast cancer treatment to have a baby, "317 had at least one live birth..and 62% breastfed." The rate of breast cancer recurrence after 2 years was 3.6% in women who breastfed vs. 3.1% in those that did not.
To learn more about these studies, click here.
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Findings from the RTOG-0539 study, the largest meningioma cohort with multiplatform molecular ever conducted, was recently published in Nature Medicine. Using retrospective data on 2,824 meningiomas, researchers found that "gross tumour resection was associated with longer progression-free survival across all molecular groups and longer overall survival in proliferative meningiomas."
Click here to learn more about this study.
Source mentioned:
Wang JZ, Patil V, Landry AP, et al. Molecular classification to refine surgical and radiotherapeutic decision-making in meningioma. Nature Medicine; Published online 21 August 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03167-4
The European Medicine Agency (EMA) has recommended a change to marketing authorization for encorafenib and binimetinib for the treatment of adults with non-small cell lung cancer. These drugs, when used in combination, as well as the drug cetuximab, may also be used to treat metastatic melanoma and metastatic colorectal cancer.
To learn more about this recommendation, click here.
A recently unveiled long-term follow-up analysis of the UNICANCER-PRODIGE 23 study indicates that "neoadjuvant chemotherapy with mFOLFIRINOX followed by chemoradiotherapy improved overall survival and confirmed long-term disease-free survival and metastatic-free survival" in rectal adenocarcinoma patients. According to the UNICANCER-PRODIGE 23 study, patients receiving neoadjuvant mFOLFIRINOX had a 31% reduction in cancer recurrence.
To learn more about the UNICANCER-PRODIGE 23 study, click here.
Source mentioned:
Conroy T, Castan F, Etienne P-L, et al. Total neoadjuvant therapy with mFOLFIRINOX versus preoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: long-term results of the UNICANCER-PRODIGE 23 trial. Annals of Oncology; Published online 7 July 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annonc.2024.06.019
A new study conducted by researchers at the American Cancer Society indicates a continuous rise in cancer diagnosis in post-Baby Boomer generations, particularly in breast, pancreatic, and gastric cancers. According to Dr. Ahmedin Jemal, senior author of the study, "the increase in cancer rates among this younger group of people indicate generational shifts in cancer risk and often serve as an early indicator of future cancer burden.."
To learn more about this study, click here.
Study mentioned:
Sung H, Jiang C, Bandi P, Minihan A, Fidler-Benaoudia M, Islami F, Siegel RL, Jemal A. Differences in cancer rates among adults born between 1920 and 1990 in the USA: an analysis of population-based cancer registry data. Lancet Public Health. 2024 Aug;9(8):e583-e593. doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00156-7. PMID: 39095135.
The impact of AISmartDensity, a new artificial intelligence tool aimed to uncover undetected breast cancer after negative mammography screening was found to be "four times more efficient in terms of cancer detection" compared to traditional density and risk models, following MRI imaging. Despite these encouraging findings, authors of this study di caution that certain cancers identified by BI-RADS D could well be missed by AISmartDensity, necessitating additional research on outcomes of effects and prognosis on cancer characteristics.
To learn more about AISnartDensity, click here.
Source mentioned:
Salim M, Liu Y, Sorkhei M, et al. AI-based selection of individuals for supplemental MRI in population-based breast cancer screening: the randomized ScreenTrustMRI trial. Nature Medicine; Published online 8 July 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03093-5
A recently completed study from the Hamamatsu University School of Medicine in Japan has indicated that the addition of "olanzapine significantly improved nausea prevention in the overall and delayed phases in patients who received carboplatin." Further, carboplatin, which has been classified as a moderate emetogenic chemotherapy agent, was not seen to cause serious adverse events in patients that were administered this drug.
For further information, and to learn more about this study, click here.
Source mentioned:
Inui N, Suzuki T, Tanaka K, et al. Olanzapine Plus Triple Antiemetic Therapy for the Prevention of Carboplatin-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase III Trial. JCO; Published online 4 June 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.24.00278
A new study conducted at the American Cancer Society attributes modifiable risk factors, namely smoking, obesity, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, diet, and infections, as direct indictors of cancer death in nearly 50% of adult cancer deaths (30 years of age and older) in the United States. According to Dr. Farhad Islami, senior scientific director of cancer disparity research at the American Cancer Society, "despite considerable declines in smoking prevalence during the past few decades," 20% of cancer cases and 30% of all cancer deaths are a result of smoking. Lisa Lacasse, president of the American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network, is adamant that "the cost to fully fund state tobacco control programs in tiny compared to the cost of tobacco-caused diseases and the potential tobacco-caused health care cost savings states stand to gain in the long term."
To read more about this study, click here.
Source mentioned: Islami F, Marlow EC, Thomson B, McCullough ML, Rumgay H, Gapstur SM, Patel AV, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A. Proportion and number of cancer cases and deaths attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors in the United States, 2019. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024 Jul 11. doi: 10.3322/caac.21858. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38990124.
Results of the COMBI-AD study, compiled after almost 10 years of follow-up analysis, has concluded that "12 months of adjuvant treatment with dabrafenib plus trametinib was associated with better relapse-free survival and distant metastasis than placebo among patients with resected stage III melanoma." Further risk of death was 20% lower via the combined drug regimen compared to placebo. In addition, the COMBI-AD trial indicated overall survival after 3 years at 86% when patients were administered dabrafenib together with trametinib, compared to 77% when given a placebo.
To learn more about the COMBI-AD study, click here.
Source mentioned: Long GV, Hauschild A, Santinami M, et al. Final Results for Adjuvant Dabrafenib plus Trametinib in Stage III Melanoma. NEJM; Published online 19 June 2024. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2404139
Results of DREAMM-7, a randomized phase III study, were recently published in the New England Journal of Medicine. According to DREAMM-7, "treatment with belantamab mafodotin, bortezomib and dexamethasone (BVd regimen) conferred a significant benefit...with respect to progression-free survival (PFS).." among melanoma patients. After a period of 18 months, overall survival for patients treated with the BVd regimen was 84% compared 73% in patients treated with daratumumab, bortezomib and dexamethasone (DVd). These findings indicate strong support for BVd as a preferred treatment option for patients with multiple myeloma.
To read more about this study, click here.
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To all Grey Horizon readers,
Thank you for your continued support of this blog. Postings will resume the week of week of July 2, 2024.
A recently completed population study by researchers at the American Cancer Society and the National Cancer Institute shows "cost discussions were infrequently documented in medical records" of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma. According to lead study author Dr. Robin Yabroff, scientific vice president of health services research at the American Cancer Society, cost discussions were noted in only 20.3% of non-small cell lung cancer and 24% of melanoma patients.
To read more about this study, click here.
Study mentioned: Yabroff KR, Mittu K, Halpern MT. Cost-of-care discussions for individuals with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma: Findings from a large, population-based pilot study. Cancer. 2024 Jun 13. doi: 10.1002/cncr.35380. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38869706.
Results of NICHE-2, "a large phase II study involving patients with locally advanced mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) colon cancers..." was recently published in the New England Journal of Medicine. As mentioned by the study authors, staging of dMMR colon cancer presents a number of challenges, due to microsatellite instability associated with "false positive enlarged lymph nodes owing to immune infiltration."
To read more about the NICHE-2 study, click here.
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A proof-of-concept study developed by researchers at the National Cancer Institute utilizes artificial intelligence from a blood test "to predict whether someone's cancer will respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors." The study, conducted on 2881 patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors across 18 solid cancer types, provided accurate predictions on likely response to immune checkpoint inhibitor, as well as lifespan, overall survival, and cancer reoccurrence.
To read more about the study, click here.
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A new study recently completed at the Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology at University College London has unveiled that adding 24 months of ADT [androgen deprivation therapy] improved metastasis-free survival in prostate cancer patients undergoing postoperative radiotherapy.
The study authors further explain that survival benefit "should be weighed against the extended duration of the well-known adverse events associated with ADT, such as sexual dysfunction, metabolic syndrome, and osteoporosis."
To learn more about this study, click here.
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Findings of the DESTINY-Gastric01 randomized study, comparing trastuzumab deruxtecan vs. third line or later chemotherapy in HER2-positive gastric or gastro-esophageal cancer patients, was recently published in Nature Medicine. While the authors acknowledge that further investigations in larger studies is needed, "the biomarkers identified in this analysis are being investigated and validated in additional studies."
To learn more about DESTINY-Gastric01, click here.
Source mentioned: Shitara K, Bang Y-J, Iwasa S, et al. Trastuzumab deruxtecan in HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer: exploratory biomarker analysis of the randomized, phase 2 DESTINY-Gastric01 trial. Nature Medicine; Published online 14 May 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-02992-x
New research published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal summarizes the expected impact of cancer in Canada in 2024, including projections of new cancer cases and mortality, arranged according to gender and province/territory for 23 different types of cancer.
Projected numbers for 2024 include 247,100 cancer diagnoses and 88,100 cancer deaths in Canada. While rates of lung, colorectal, and prostate cancer are expected to decrease, other cancers, including liver, bile duct, kidney, melanoma, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma are expected to rise.
To learn more about this research, click here.
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TROPION-PanTumor01, a phase I study on the effects of datopotamab deruxtecan on heavily pretreated advanced HR-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) indicated a "confirmed objective response rate of 26.8% in patients with HR-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer and 31.8% in patients with TNBC." While the study authors acknowledge that the number of patients in each cohort (41 HR-positive/HER2-negative and 44 in TNBC) use of datopotamab deruxtecan is being compared with single-agent chemotherapy as a possible second or third line treatment option.
To read more about this study, click here.
Source mentioned: Bardia A, Krop IE, Kogawa T, et al. Datopotamab Deruxtecan in Advanced or Metastatic HR+/HER2– and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Results From the Phase I TROPION-PanTumor01 Study. JCO; Published online 23 April 2024: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.23.01909
A new genomic study conducted at the National Cancer Institute has identified "50 new areas across the genome that are associated with the risk of developing kidney cancer." Study data from this data will be used to establish a polygenic risk score, looking at known kidney cancer risk factors, including high blood pressure, smoking, and high body-mass index.
To read more about this study, click here.
Source mentioned: Purdue MP, Dutta D, Machiela MJ, et al. Multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of kidney cancer identifies 63 susceptibility regions. Nature Genetics. April 26, 2024. DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01725-7.
Researchers at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) have created an artificial intelligence (AI) tool which "uses data from individual cells inside tumors to predict whether a person's cancer will respond to a specific drug." Single-cell RNA sequencing, providing higher resolution data at the single-cell level, is exploring transfer learning whereby AI models are being used to predict drug responses.
To learn more about this proof-of-concept study, click here.
Source mentioned:
Sinha S, Vegesna R, Mukherjee S, et al. PERCEPTION predicts patient response and resistance to treatment using single-cell transcriptomics of their tumors. Nature. April 18, 2024. DOI: 10.1038/s43018-024-00756-7.
A new study, recently published in Nature indicates that Fusobacterium nucleatum, bacteria found in the mouth is linked to colon cancer. Fusobacterium nucleatum, "associated with dental plaque and gingivitis." While more evidence linking this bacterium to colon cancer is required (the Nature study was conducted on 100 colon cancer patients), the study authors "envision developing a vaccine against the Fusobacterium nucleatum", using an approach similar to the HPV vaccine.
To read more about this study, click here.
A recently published meta-analysis, conducted within the Department of Surgery at McGill University, concluded that "neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy as associated with improved overall survival, event-free survival, major pathological response and pathological complete response" compared to neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. In particular, improvements were noted in patients diagnosed with either stage II or stage III NSCLC.
To learn more about this study, click here.
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An ACCENT/IDEA pooled analysis conducted at the Bank of Cyprus Oncology Centre in Nicosia, Cyprus has shown that oxaliplatin-containing chemotherapy is both safe (in terms of toxicity management) and effective "in reducing recurrence rates in a large population [17,000] of older patients with stage III colon cancer." According to the trial's authors, led by Dr. Demetris Papamichael, while the median age of colon cancer diagnosis is 70 in western countries, only 14-20% of patients more than 70 years old have participated in adjuvant trials.
To read more about this trial, click here.
Source mentioned:
Gallois C, Shi Q, Pederson LD, et al. Oxaliplatin-Based Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Older Patients With Stage III Colon Cancer: An ACCENT/IDEA Pooled Analysis of 12 Trials. JCO; Published online 28 March 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.23.0132
