Overall survival not substantially improved with CDK4/6 inhibitors used in first- compared with second-line treatment in Patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer

 Findings from SONIA, a phase III Dutch study comparing "the sequence of an aromatase inhibitor plus CDK4/6 inhibitor as first-line treatment followed by fulvestrant as second-line treatment (CDK4/6 inhibitor first-line group") did not improve overall survival compared with second-line treatment. Rather, this treatment regimen increased treatment-related and financial toxic effects in patients with HR-positive HER-2 negative advanced breast cancer.  Following an analysis of 1050 patients enrolled in SONIA, median overall survival was 47.9 months with first-line CDK4/6 inhibitor and 48.1 months with second-line CDK4/6 inhibitor  

To learn more about the SONIA study, click here. 

Sources mentioned: 

• Wortelboer N, van Ommen-Nijhof A, Konings IR, et al. Overall Survival With First-Line vs Second-Line CDK4/6 Inhibitor Use in Advanced Breast Cancer A Randomized Clinical Trial  JAMA Oncology; Published online 19 February 2026. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2025.6585
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• Valenza C, Burstein HJ. Lessons From the SONIA Trial on Timing of CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Advanced Breast Cancer—The Sooner, the Better? JAMA Oncology; Published online 19 February 2026. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2025.6345

Research unlocks insights into lung cancer evolution from electronic medical records

 A recently completed study at the University Hospital of Toulouse, France emphasized the benefits of a "domain-specific natural language processing (NLP) pipeline...in extracting clinically meaningful information from diverse clinical documents of patients with non-small cell lung cancer."  Following an analysis of 1,028 discharge summaries and external consultation letters from 120 non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing oral targeted therapy, "the domain-adapted NLP solution achieved an F1 score of 79.7% for tumor evolution concept extraction and 62.0% for temporality alignment." 

To read more about this study, click here. 

Source mentioned: 

Vinot, C., et al. "Automated extraction of temporalized tumor evolution from oncology EMRs using natural language processing." ESMO Real World Data and Digital Oncology 11 (2026): 100660.

Worse survival among patients diagnosed with cancer during first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic

A recently published U.S. population-based cohort study found "significant reductions in 1-year cause-specific survival rates among patients diagnosed with both early-stage and late-stage cancer in 2020 and 2021."   Compared to cancer patients diagnosed between 2015-2019, patients with a diagnosis of esophageal cancer (early-stage, 3.67%-3.89%), colorectal cancer (0.78%-1.08%) and prostate cancer (late-stage, 0.64%-0.77%)), were noted to have the largest site-specific survival reductions during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic.  The authors of this cohort study thus propose that "swift action should be taken to increase cancer screening, rebuild healthcare capacity, and improve patient communication." 

Source mentioned:

Burus T, Damgacioglu H, Huang B, et al. Survival of Patients Diagnosed With Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic . JAMA Oncology; Published online 5 February 2026. doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2025.6332

Trustworthy and explainable AI – a key to equitable oncology

Trustworthiness of artificial intelligence (AI) applications and validating data analysis in cancer care was recently discussed at the ESMO Women for Oncology Forum.  

Click here to read about an interview with Alessandra Pedrocchi, founder of the laboratory for oncology at the National Cancer Institute in Milan.  

RAS inhibition in pancreatic cancer

 The Experimental Oncology Group at the National Research Centre (CNIO) in Madrid has recently unveiled findings from genetically engineered mice afflicted with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.  The mice "underwent rapid apoptotic cell death that resulted in complete tumour regressions and remained tumour-free for over 200 days post-treatment."  While results of these animal studies are promising towards determining therapeutic vulnerabilities of pancreatic cancer, Dr. Ben Westphalen, chair of the European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) Precision Oncology Task Force cautions that these results cannot yet be applied to patient care. More work is needed to determine side effects of the triple combination therapy in humans. 

Click here to learn more about this news story. 

Structured exercise enters ESMO guidelines for colon cancer as recommended treatment

 The European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) has released an update to their colon cancer guidelines, whereby "physical activity, when personalized and delivered as a structured program" is now recommended...for patients with resected stage III or high-risk stage II colon cancer." Over a period of 3 years, 889 stage III or stage II high-risk colon cancer patients enrolled in the CHALLENGE study saw significant improvements in disease-free survival over 5 years (80.3%) compared to 73.9% of patients who received health education materials and standard surveillance with no structured exercise program. 

Click here to learn more about the CHALLENGE study. 

European parliament adopts its position on the Critical Medicines Act, strengthening security of cancer care in Europe

 The European Parliament recently adopted first-reading of the Critical Medicines Act, expanding "collaborative procurement and solidarity mechanisms, explicitly acknowledging their relevance to specialized treatments, including in oncology."  Now entering interinstitutional negotiations, the Critical Medicines Act ensures that continuity of care for cancer patients will remain a key focus area for European Union health policy. 

To read more about the Critical Medicines Act, click here. 

Biological mechanism enabling breast cancer to spread to the brain uncovered

Researchers from the Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences in Tel Aviv, in partnership with researchers in 14 laboratories in Israel, USA, Italy, Germany, Poland, and Austria, have uncovered "a mechanism that allows breast cancer to send metastases to the brain - a highly lethal occurrence for which there is currently no effective treatment."   Following injection of cancer cells with or without functional gene P53, results indicated that "cells with disrupted P53 activity thrived much more." These findings are crucial towards developing new drugs and personalized monitoring for early detection and treatment of brain metastases. 

Click here to learn more. 

Source: 

Laue K, Pozzi S, Zerbib J, et al. p53 inactivation drives breast cancer metastasis to the brain through SCD1 upregulation and increased fatty acid metabolism. Nat Genet. Published online December 29, 2025. doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02446-1