Signs of brain tumor may show in blood years before diagnosis

A new study indicates that changes in immune function may occur in brain tumors for as long as 5 years before the cancer is detected.  Following an analysis of blood samples collected over 40 years in Norway, researchers determined that "cytokines are activated during an allergy-related immune response...[and] have been linked to reduced risk for glioma [brain tumors]."

To read more about this study, click here.  

Could a laser skin test someday replace biopsy to spot melanoma?

Researchers at Lancaster University in the United Kingdom have developed a new "non-invasive test that can spot melanoma skin cancer without a biopsy."  According to lead researcher Aneta Stefanovska, the test was conducted via a laser that was able to detect slight variations in blood flow in a lesion, thus differentiating melanoma from a non-cancerous mole.  While further research is needed, melanoma experts are optimistic that this new skin test will reduce the need for invasive biopsies.

To read more about this study, click here.

Hairy cell leukaemia: ESMO clinical practice guidelines

Hairy cell leukaemia accounts for 2% of adult leukaemia, and occurs more often in men than in women. The new ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline provides up-to-date information on the management of hairy cell leukaemia, including recommendations for diagnosis and staging, as well as detailed treatment sections referring to the latest studies and reviews. Read more here.

New trial alert: Screening of Alberta asbestos exposed workers for lung cancer and Mesothelioma

A recent trial, sponsored by the University of Calgary is looking at a combined lung cancer and mesothelioma screening program for 200 asbestos-exposed workers in Alberta.  Presently in the recruiting phase, inclusion criteria for the trial includes an age range of 50-80 years, exposure to asbestos for a minimum of one year and at least 10 years prior to entry in the study, while exclusion factors pertain to individuals with severe heart or lung disease, among other factors.

To read more about this trial, listed on clinical trials.gov, click here.

Yo-yo dieting won't raise cancer risk

A new study conducted by the American Cancer Society indicates that weight cycling, perhaps more commonly known as yo-yo dieting, featuring "repeated episodes of weight loss followed by weight gain", does not cause an increased risk of cancer.  According to Victoria Stevens, strategic director of laboratory services at the American Cancer Society, this study is believed to be the largest and most comprehensive regarding this issue.

Click here to read more.

A systemic immunomodulator IMM-101 extends survival and maintains quality of life in the IMAGE1 study

The survival benefits in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer treated with a systemic immunomodulator, IMM‑101 plus gemcitabine in a randomised, open-label phase II IMAGE1 trial were accompanied by an improvement in several quality of life (QoL) scores. Read more here.

EMA to further clarify safety profile of HPV vaccines

The European Medicines Agency (EMA) has started a review of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines to further clarify aspects of their safety profile.....The review does not question that the benefits of HPV vaccines outweigh their risks....The current review will look at available data with a focus on rare reports of two conditions: complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS, a chronic pain condition affecting the limbs) and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS, a condition where the heart rate increases abnormally after sitting or standing up, causing symptoms such as dizziness and fainting, as well as headache, chest pain and weakness). Read more here.

Too much sitting may raise woman's cancer risk

A new cancer prevention study conducted by the American Cancer Society indicates that excessive amounts of sedentary activity (in particular, sitting), was linked to a 10% overall higher risk of cancer in women.  However, a similar correlation was not found in men.  According to team lead Dr. Alpa Patel, "longer leisure time spent sitting was associated with a higher risk of total cancer risk in women...specifically with multiple myeloma, breast, and ovarian cancers...but sitting time was not not associated with cancer risk in men."  While Dr. Patel acknowledges that further research is necessary to better understand and explain these findings, it does raise awareness of the need to reduce the amount of time spent sitting and considerations for leading a more physically active lifestyle.

To read more about this study, click here.

Nicotinamide reduces skin cancer risk

From Natural Medicine:
New research shows that taking 500 mg of nicotinamide (vitamin B3) by mouth twice daily for one year reduces the risk of developing non-melanoma skin cancer in people who have already had common skin cancers such as basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Nicotinamide might be beneficial for people who are at high risk of developing common skin cancers, particularly because it is very accessible and inexpensive. It does not appear to reduce melanoma skin cancer risk.

 

Too few men with low-risk prostate cancers get "watch and wait" approach

A new report indicates that the majority of U.S. men with low-risk prostate cancer are receiving treatment in lieu of active surveillance.  According to study co-author Dr. Hui Zhu, chief of urology at the Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center in Ohio, active surveillance, "the careful monitoring of prostate cancer for progression of the cancer that would indicate a need for treatment", may be gaining acceptance among urologists and patients, although it has been met with controversy.  Zhu's study stated that older men over 60, as well as those patients without insurance were more likely to have active surveillance.

To read more about this study, click here

Patients with Lowest BMI Have Shortest Survival in Pooled Analysis of Bevacizumab in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Patients with the lowest body mass index (BMI) had the shortest overall survival in an analysis of bevacizumab studies in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) presented for the first time today (1 July 2015) at the ESMO 17th World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer 2015 in Barcelona. Read more here.

World GI 2015: Abstracts online!

All abstracts for the ESMO 17th world congress on gastrointestinal cancer, can now be found on Annals of Oncology! Read more here.

Unique data set made possible by 300,000 canadians

A landmark research portal that includes health and biological data from 300,000 Canadians — nearly one in every 50 individuals between the ages of 35 and 69 – is being launched today by the Canadian Partnership Against Cancer (the Partnership). Read more here.

HPV vaccination tied to drop in precancerous cervical lesions in U.S.

HPV vaccination has gained greater credibility with the release of a new study indicating that administration of the Gardasil and Cervarix vaccines leads to a decline in the "number of young American women with cervical tissue changes than can lead to cancer."  Study lead Susan Hariri of the U.S. Centers for Disease Prevention and Control attributes the decline in cervical lesions to greater awareness and recommendation of HPV vaccination.  While Hariri cautions that more research is required to investigate the impact of HPV vaccination on cervical cancer incidence, the results disseminated thus far are encouraging. 

To read more about this study, click here. 

Rise in colon cancer screening rates in the U.S. attributed to The Affordable Care Act

A new study conducted by the American Cancer Society indicates that the rise of colon cancer screening rates in the U.S. over the past few years may well be attributed to the Affordable Care Act, or Obamacare.  According to lead researcher Stacey Fedewa, since the Affordable Care Act was signed into law in 2010, "colon cancer screening rates among people ages 50 to 75 rose from 57% in 2008 to 61% in 2013."  This increase was predominantly seen in people with low incomes who were covered by Medicare.

To read more about this study, click here.

Results of the CheckMate 057 study reported at ASCO 2015 annual meeting

Nivolumab is the first PD-1 inhibitor to statistically significantly improve overall survival (OS) vs docetaxel in previously treated patients with advanced non-squamous cell non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It significantly improved overall response rate (ORR) as well. Safety profile of nivolumab was favourable in comparison to docetaxel and consistent with prior studies. CheckMate 057 is the second randomised phase III trial to demonstrate superior survival over docetaxel in patients with advanced NSCLC. Read more here

Breast cancer screening cuts chance of dying from disease by 40%, say experts

Women who undergo breast cancer screening cut their risk of dying from the disease by 40%, according to a global panel of experts attempting to end a long-running controversy about mammograms. Read more here.

Mediterranean diet tied to lower odds of uterine cancer

A new study conducted out of the IRCCS-Instituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche in Milan, Italy suggests that adherence to a Mediterranean diet can reduce risk of uterine cancer.  Following an analysis of the diet of over 5,000 Italian women, those who followed components of the Mediterranean diet had up to a 57% reduced risk of uterine cancer.  According to study author Cristina Bosetti, "our everyday choices, like what we eat and how active we are, affect our risk of cancer."

To read more about this study, click here.

2015 edition of canadian cancer statistics predicts surge in age-related cancers

The 2015 edition of Canadian Cancer Statistics, recently released by the Canadian Cancer Society, provides updated estimates of the state of cancer in Canada, with a special focus on future predictions to 2030.

Publication features modeling of lung cancer, colorectal cancer and cervical cancer screening generated by the Partnership’s Cancer Risk Management Model. Read more here.

WHO model list of essential medicines revised

On 8 May 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) published the new edition of its Model List of Essential Medicines which includes ground-breaking new treatments for a variety of cancers. The move opens the way to improve access to innovative medicines that show clear clinical benefits and could have enormous public health impact globally. Read more here.

Pembrolizumab seems to be a new immune checkpoint inhibitor option for NSCLC, however is our knowledge on tumour biomarkers enough?

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths around the world. Despite the development of third-generation drugs combined with platinum compounds and different maintenance therapies, the overall survival achieved by cytotoxic agents was no longer than 15 months. 

Pembrolizumab has shown a manageable toxicity profile with less than 10% of grade 3 or 4 adverse events and pneumonitis incidence of less than 4% with a severity of grade 3 to 5 in half the patients.

The most important question is: this treatment is indicated for whom?

Read more here.

Chemotherapy before surgery may help women with advanced ovarian cancer

A new study conducted at the University of Birmingham has revealed that women undergoing chemotherapy prior to surgery for advanced ovarian cancer had a reduced risk of complications and death within 28 days after surgery.  In addition, study lead author Sean Kehoe, professor of gynecological cancer at the University of Birmingham, states that the trial showed that "shrinking the tumor with chemotherapy before surgery reduced side effects and hospital stay", thus improving a patient's quality of life.

To read more about this study, click here.

Statins may slow prostate cancer progression

A new study conducted at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston indicates that statins, used to lower cholesterol levels, "may slow the progression of prostate cancer in patients receiving hormone therapy."  According to study senior author Dr. Philip Kantoff, chief of solid tumor oncology at Dana-Farber, this study, applicable only with advanced prostate cancer that has relapsed after hormone therapy, resulted in the cancer remaining stable for a longer time period (27.5 months compared to 17.4 months) for those taking statins.

To read more abut this study, click here.

Study looks at attitudes toward personalized medicine and breast cancer

Women, doctors and the general public highly value a test that helps determine if breast cancer patients will benefit from chemotherapy, says a study by a Canada-wide research team led by University of Calgary scientists.

This was a two-part study on how women, medical oncologists and the general population regarded gene expression profiling. The test is a form of personalized medicine that analyzes a set of genes in tumours.

The first part of the research effort by Marshall’s team involved qualitative studies that included focus groups, along with interviews with patients and medical oncologists. Views were gathered on the value of — and challenges with — gene expression profiling for making decisions about chemotherapy.

The results were released in two articles in Current Oncology in 2014, including one on patient perceptions, followed by a third published this year in The Oncologist on the views of physicians.

Cloudy climate may increase risk of pancreatic cancer

A new study conducted at the University of California San Diego School of Medicine indicates that people living in areas with low levels of sunlight, thus not receiving adequate vitamin D, may be more susceptible to developing pancreatic cancer.  While study co-author Dr. Cedric Garland cautions that this study does not, at this point, offer irrefutable proof that sunlight deficiency leads to pancreatic cancer, the link is strongly suggested, particularly since similar research has "linked higher vitamin D levels to lower levels of breast and colorectal cancer."

Click here to read more about this study.

Ovary removal reduces breast cancer death in BRCA1 carriers

A new study conducted at the Women's College Research Institute of the University of Toronto is lending support to ovary removal in women with breast cancer who carry the BRCA1 genetic mutation. According to researcher Kelly Metcalfe, of the 676 women, carriers of the BRCA1 or BRCA2, who participated in the study, more than 77% survived over a 20 year follow-up, a 56% in breast cancer death following ovary removal.

Click here to read more about this study

Immune-focused drugs show promise against melanoma

A new pair of clinical trials conducted at the Johns Hopkins' Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center in Baltimore, indicate that two drugs, the immune checkpoint inhibitor Keytruda, along with the immune-boosting Yervoy, show promising signs for treating advanced melanoma.  According to Dr. Suzanne Topalian, director of the Melanoma Program at Johns Hopkins, these drugs "prod the immune system to attack and destroy cancer cells."

Click here to read more about this trial, presented on April 20, 2015 at the annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research in Philadelphia.

Mammograms most beneficial starting at age 50: U.S. task force

Women should get a mammogram every two years starting at age 50 -- and while routine screening brings little benefit in the 40s, beginning it that early should be a personal choice, a U.S. government task force said Monday. Also, there's not enough evidence to tell if new 3-D mammograms are the best option for routine screening, or if women with dense breasts need extra testing to find hidden tumors, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force concluded. Read more here.

ELCC 2015 News: VEGF SNPs identified as prognostic markers for bevacizumab response in patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC

Patients with advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NS-NSCLC) achieved median overall survival (OS) longer than one year in ANGIOMET, a prospective clinical trial of bevacizumab plus carboplatin and paclitaxel, leading the investigators to look for and identify biomarkers for this response. Read more here.

ELCC 2015 news: Promising results for surgical salvage of local recurrences after stereotactic ablative radiotherapy in patients with early-stage NSCLC

Results from two retrospective studies using data from a large registry confirmed that the rate of local recurrence (LR) following stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for treatment of early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is low, but recurrence detected at 87 months suggests that a long follow-up is needed post SABR. Further findings showed that, in some cases, surgical salvage following LR can be done with limited post-surgical complications and may prolong overall survival. Read more here.